What is posterior Ponticulus?
Ponticulus Posticus means “little posterior bridge” in Latin. It is defined as an abnormal small bony bridge which is formed between the posterior portion of the superior articular process and the posterolateral portion of the superior margin of the posterior arch of the atlas [1].
Which of the following is a line drawn between the hard palate and the lowest part of the occiput?
the McGregor line
A modification of this line is the McGregor line, which goes from the posterior pole of the hard palate to the lowest portion of the squamous surface of the occiput (Figure
What does Ponticulus mean?
Definition of ponticulus 1 : a slight ridge. 2 : a bridge of transverse nerve fibers between the pyramids of the medulla and the pons.
What causes ponticulus posticus?
The ponticulus posticus is a bony bridge in the first cervical vertebra between the lateral mass and the posterior arch. It results due to ossification of the posterior atlanto-occipital ligament of atlas and encloses the vertebral artery and the first cervical nerve root [6].
What is Chamberlain’s line?
Chamberlain line is a line joining the back of hard palate with the opisthion on a lateral view of the craniocervical junction. Less than 3 mm or half of dens should be above this line, with 6 mm being definitely pathologic.
What is craniocervical junction?
The craniocervical junction consists of the bone that forms the base of the skull (occipital bone) and the first two bones in the spine (which are in the neck): the atlas and axis.
What is a Ponticulus?
1 : a slight ridge. 2 : a bridge of transverse nerve fibers between the pyramids of the medulla and the pons. — called also propons.
What is Pons Posticus?
What is Platybasia?
Platybasia is an abnormality of the base of the skull, literally flattening of the skull base. It may be developmental in origin or due to softening of the skull base bone, allowing it to be pushed upward (see Basilar Invagination).
How do I know if I have Craniocervical instability?
Symptoms of craniocervical instability include occipital headache, neck pain and neurological abnormalities such as numbness, motor weakness, dizziness, and gait instability. Patients sometimes describe the feeling that their head is too heavy for their neck to support (“bobble-head”).
Where is the craniocervical region?
The craniocervical junction (CCJ) is comprised of the inferior surface of the skull, the atlas and axis, as well as muscles and connective tissues that attach the skull to the cervical spine. The CCJ encloses the central nervous system (CNS), encephalic vasculature and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) system.
Is KFS hereditary?
In most cases, Klippel Feil syndrome (KFS) is not inherited in families and the cause is unknown. In some families, KFS is due to a genetic alteration in the GDF6, GDF3 or MEOX1 gene and can be inherited. When KFS is caused by mutations in the GDF6 or GDF3 genes, it is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.
What does ponticulus posticus mean in anatomy?
Ponticulus Posticus means “little posterior bridge” in Latin. It is defined as an abnormal small bony bridge which is formed between the posterior portion of the superior articular process and the posterolateral portion of the superior margin of the posterior arch of the atlas [1].
What is the meaning of ponticulus lateralis?
Explanatory note: The term ponticulus lateralis refers to when the ponticulus posticus bony bridge takes a vertical spike upwards to directly compress the vertebral artery. In some cases, the bony ridge may also be formed at the level of the vertebral artery emerging from the transverse process of the С1 vertebra (this is ponticulus lateralis).
Where does the ponticulus posticus connect to the C1 nerve root?
At its location on the C1 vertebrae or superior articulate to the posterolateral part of the atlas (C1), you can see how this patient’s neck movements the ponticulus posticus can come into contact with the C1 nerve root on the right side and the right side vertebral artery.
What are the possible complications of ponticulus posticus failure?
Failure to detect ponticulus posticus can have grave complications during cervical spine surgical intervention, especially those requiring screw placement in lateral mass region of Atlas vertebra 1).